How is momentum of an object calculated?

• A. Using the formula p = mv^2
• B. Using the formula p = m + v
• C. Using the formula p = mv
• D. Using the formula p = m/v

Answer: (C)

Momentum is a fundamental concept in physics and is defined as the product of mass and velocity of an object. The correct formula for calculating momentum is expressed as p = mv, where p represents momentum, m is the mass of the object, and v is its velocity. This relationship indicates that an object's momentum is directly proportional to both its mass and its speed.

Understanding this formula is essential because it highlights how changes in either mass or velocity directly affect the momentum. For instance, if the mass of an object increases, or if it moves faster, its momentum will increase accordingly. This principle is crucial in various fields of physics, particularly when analyzing collisions and conservation laws.

The other options presented do not accurately represent the definition of momentum. The formula p = mv^2 misrepresents the relationship by incorrectly squaring the velocity, which does not apply to momentum. The formula p = m + v suggests a simple addition of mass and velocity, which does not reflect the nature of momentum. Lastly, the formula p = m/v incorrectly implies that momentum is derived from dividing mass by velocity, which is not consistent with its definition. Understanding momentum through the correct formula p = mv is vital for solving many physics problems involving motion and force.